Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: An Unknown Disease in Chad

Introduction: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic renal disease. After about ten years of evolution, it leads to a slow and progressive loss function eventually causing insufficiency failure. Few data exist on this pathology in Africa Chad. The objective study was analyze epidemiological, diagnostic therapeutic aspects ADPKD. Methodology: This multicenter cross-sectional, descriptive analytical conducted over period 34 months two hospitals N’Djamena, All patients aged 15 above, having family history disease, which were hospitalized or who coming for consultation that met unified criteria ultrasonographic diagnoses (Ravine modified by Pei) ADPKD included study. clinical, paraclinical, evolutionary these had been studied. Results: There total 26 cases hospital prevalence 1.16%. average age 42.4 with extremes ranging from 15-70 sex ratio 1.3. survey shown parental consanguinity present 34.6% (n=9). hypertension 53.8% (n=14). mean serum creatinine 45 mg/l 4.5 274.42 mg/l. It noted 65.3% (n=17) chronic GFR >30 mL/min/1.73m2 . During diagnosis 26.9% (n=7) end-stage (ESRD), while 2 progressed ESRD after diagnosis. One patient hemodialysis. No received transplant no undergone molecular biology genetics treated Tolvaptan. Conclusion: In Chad, 1.16%, affecting young adults (average years) male predominance. Management usually late remains limited symptomatic treatment complications such as Abbreviations: ADPKD: Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease, CRF: Chronic Renal Failure, ESRD: End-Stage CVA: Cerebro Vascular Accident